Preparation of quadri-subtype influenza virus-like particles using bovine immunodeficiency virus gag protein

Isolation and Identification of Avian Influenza Virus H9N2 Subtype

Protein delivery using engineered virus-like particles.

Over the years, researchers have developed several methods to deliver macromolecules into the cytosol and nucleus of living cells. However, there are limitations to all of these methods. The problems include (i) inefficient uptake, (ii) endosomal entrapment, (iii) delivery that is restricted to certain cell types, and (iv) damage to cells in the delivery process. Retroviral vectors are often us...

Preparation and immunogenicity of influenza virus-like particles using nitrocellulose membrane filtration

PURPOSE Nitrocellulose membrane-based filtration system (NCFS) is widely used for protein concentration. In this study, we applied NCFS for production of virus-like particle (VLP) as a vaccine candidate and evaluated yield property and immunogenicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Influenza VLPs were generated by baculovirus-insect cell protein expression system. NCFS and sucrose gradient ultracentri...

Characterization and quantitation of fluorescent Gag virus-like particles

Background Upon expression, the Gag polyprotein of HIV-1 spontaneously assembles giving rise to enveloped virus-like particles (VLPs). These particulate immunogens offer great promise as HIV-1 vaccines. In order to develop robust VLP manufacturing processes, the availability of simple, fast and reliable quantitation tools is crucial. Traditionally, commercial p24 ELISA kits are used to estimate...

Trans-packaging of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome into Gag virus-like particles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

BACKGROUND Yeast is recognized as a generally safe microorganism and is utilized for the production of pharmaceutical products, including vaccines. We previously showed that expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae spheroplasts released Gag virus-like particles (VLPs) extracellularly, suggesting that the production system could be used in...